PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) is a common hormonal disorder that affects women during their reproductive years. An estimated 5-10% of women have PCOS, making it one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age.
The key features of PCOS include:
- Irregular or absent menstrual cycles - This is often one of the first signs of PCOS for many women.
- Excess androgen levels - Women with PCOS tend to have higher levels of androgens like testosterone. This can cause symptoms like facial hair growth, scalp hair loss, and acne.
- Polycystic ovaries - The ovaries develop many small fluid-filled sacs (follicles) that surround the eggs. The follicles have difficulty maturing, which can interfere with ovulation.
Some other common PCOS symptoms include:
- Weight gain
- Skin tags
- Skin discoloration
- Pelvic pain
PCOS is linked to
insulin resistance. Many women with PCOS tend to be overweight or obese, which exacerbates insulin resistance and worsens symptoms.
Losing even a modest amount of weight can help manage PCOS symptoms.
There's no cure for PCOS, but symptoms can be managed with lifestyle changes and medications:
- Healthy diet - Low glycemic index foods can help improve insulin sensitivity.
- Exercise - At least 30 minutes per day can help achieve weight loss goals.
- Birth control pills - Can regulate menstrual cycles and reduce androgen levels.
- Metformin - An insulin sensitizing drug used to treat type 2 diabetes; can help regulate cycles.
The exact cause of PCOS is unknown. Researchers believe there are
genetic and environmental factors at play, such as obesity and insulin resistance. There may also be an issue with the pituitary gland's signaling to the ovaries.
While PCOS cannot be cured, symptoms can often be managed successfully. Working with a knowledgeable doctor at Invigorate Medical to develop an appropriate
treatment plan can help women regain control of their cycles, boost fertility, minimize unpleasant symptoms, and reduce long-term health risks.